The
movie opens with a fade-in on foggy, forlorn Xanadu, a palatial estate
off the Florida coast, where Charles Foster Kane (Orson Welles), one
of the world's wealthiest and most powerful men, dies whispering the
word "Rosebud." Fade-out, then a flat cut to a "March of Time"-like
documentary which presents a thumbnail sketch of the life of publishing
magnate Kane (a brilliant and entertaining means of dispensing a maximum
amount of exposition in a minimum amount of time). Managing editor Rawlston
(Phil Van Zandt) insists that the Kane obituary film is missing something
and "needs an angle." Rawlston orders his top reporter to discover what
"Rosebud" means, and Thompson's search leads him to five key players
in Kane's private life. In the end, Thompson has nothing to show for
all his legwork except a jigsaw puzzle with a missing piece. The viewer,
however, has better luck, and the mystery is resolved by the story's
end. A thinly veiled biography of powerful publisher William Randolph
Hearst, Citizen Kane has
probably inspired more directorial careers than any film short of Pulp
Fiction; as with Quentin
Tarantino's later film, Kane became influential through the sheer
rule-breaking audacity of its young filmmaker (Welles was 25 years old
when he made it). Welles uses his March of Time gimmick to fragment
conventional notions of space, time, and character, suggesting that
no one can be known other than through varying perspectives. The deep-focus
cinematography of Gregg Toland, who would also pioneer this 1940s camera
style in such William Wyler movies as The
Best Years of Our Lives (1946) and The
Little Foxes (1941), adds to the film's chilly atmosphere of
alienation and emptiness. Widely cited as the greatest American film,
Citizen Kane is neither
comforting nor stale, and its energy and invention set the pace for
new movies many decades later.
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